<?php

if ( ! class_exists( 'Argus_WAF_Rules' ) ) {

class Argus_WAF_Rules {

	public static function corpus() {
		static $rules = null;
		if ( null !== $rules ) {
			return $rules;
		}

		$rules = array(

			// --- SQL Injection (CRS 942-XXX equivalent) -------------------------------------------------

			array( 'id' => 'sqli-union-select', 'category' => 'sql_injection', 'severity' => 'critical',
				'pattern' => '/\bunion\b[^\w]{1,20}\bselect\b/i' ),
			array( 'id' => 'sqli-classic-tautology', 'category' => 'sql_injection', 'severity' => 'critical',
				'pattern' => '/(\%27|\'|\%22|")\s*(or|and)\s*(\%27|\'|\%22|")?[\d\w]+(\%27|\'|\%22|")?\s*=\s*(\%27|\'|\%22|")?[\d\w]+(\%27|\'|\%22|")?/i' ),
			array( 'id' => 'sqli-information-schema', 'category' => 'sql_injection', 'severity' => 'critical',
				'pattern' => '/information_schema|sysobjects|sysdatabases/i' ),
			array( 'id' => 'sqli-time-based', 'category' => 'sql_injection', 'severity' => 'high',
				'pattern' => '/\b(sleep|benchmark|pg_sleep|waitfor\s+delay)\s*\(/i' ),
			array( 'id' => 'sqli-stacked-comment', 'category' => 'sql_injection', 'severity' => 'high',
				'pattern' => '/;\s*(drop|delete|update|insert)\s+(table|from|into)/i' ),
			array( 'id' => 'sqli-error-based-xpath', 'category' => 'sql_injection', 'severity' => 'critical',
				'pattern' => '/\b(extractvalue|updatexml)\s*\(/i' ),
			array( 'id' => 'sqli-file-read-write', 'category' => 'sql_injection', 'severity' => 'critical',
				'pattern' => '/\b(load_file|into\s+outfile|into\s+dumpfile)\s*\(?/i' ),
			array( 'id' => 'sqli-mssql-xp-cmdshell', 'category' => 'sql_injection', 'severity' => 'critical',
				'pattern' => '/\bxp_cmdshell\b/i' ),
			array( 'id' => 'sqli-hex-literal', 'category' => 'sql_injection', 'severity' => 'medium',
				'pattern' => '/\bunhex\s*\(|0x[0-9a-f]{12,}/i' ),
			array( 'id' => 'sqli-conditional-error', 'category' => 'sql_injection', 'severity' => 'high',
				'pattern' => '/\b(and|or)\s+\d+\s*=\s*\d+\s*(--|#|\/\*)/i' ),

			// --- Cross-Site Scripting (CRS 941-XXX equivalent) -------------------------------------------------

			array( 'id' => 'xss-script-tag', 'category' => 'xss', 'severity' => 'high',
				'pattern' => '/<\s*script[\s>\/]/i' ),
			array( 'id' => 'xss-event-handler', 'category' => 'xss', 'severity' => 'high',
				'pattern' => '/\bon(error|load|mouseover|click|focus)\s*=\s*["\']?[^"\'>]*[\(\{]/i' ),
			array( 'id' => 'xss-javascript-uri', 'category' => 'xss', 'severity' => 'high',
				'pattern' => '/javascript\s*:\s*[^\s]/i' ),
			array( 'id' => 'xss-svg-onload', 'category' => 'xss', 'severity' => 'high',
				'pattern' => '/<\s*svg[^>]*onload/i' ),
			array( 'id' => 'xss-embed-object-tag', 'category' => 'xss', 'severity' => 'high',
				'pattern' => '/<\s*(iframe|object|embed)\b[^>]*(src|data)\s*=/i' ),
			array( 'id' => 'xss-data-uri-html', 'category' => 'xss', 'severity' => 'high',
				'pattern' => '/data\s*:\s*text\/html\s*;\s*base64/i' ),
			array( 'id' => 'xss-vbscript-uri', 'category' => 'xss', 'severity' => 'high',
				'pattern' => '/vbscript\s*:/i' ),
			array( 'id' => 'xss-css-expression', 'category' => 'xss', 'severity' => 'medium',
				'pattern' => '/style\s*=\s*["\'][^"\']*expression\s*\(/i' ),
			array( 'id' => 'xss-dom-sink', 'category' => 'xss', 'severity' => 'medium',
				'pattern' => '/document\s*\.\s*(cookie|write|location)\s*[=\(]|window\s*\.\s*location\s*=/i' ),
			array( 'id' => 'xss-entity-encoded-script', 'category' => 'xss', 'severity' => 'medium',
				'pattern' => '/&(lt|#0*60|#x3c)\s*;?\s*script/i' ),

			// --- Remote Code Execution / Command Injection (CRS 932-XXX equivalent) -------------------------------------------------

			array( 'id' => 'cmdi-shell-metachars', 'category' => 'rce', 'severity' => 'critical',
				'pattern' => '/;\s*(cat|ls|whoami|id|uname|wget|curl)\s/i' ),
			array( 'id' => 'cmdi-backtick-subshell', 'category' => 'rce', 'severity' => 'critical',
				'pattern' => '/`[^`]{1,80}`|\$\([^\)]{1,80}\)/' ),

			// --- PHP Injection (CRS 933-XXX equivalent) -------------------------------------------------

			array( 'id' => 'phpi-eval-base64', 'category' => 'rce', 'severity' => 'critical',
				'pattern' => '/\beval\s*\(\s*(base64_decode|gzinflate|gzuncompress|str_rot13)\s*\(/i' ),
			array( 'id' => 'phpi-dangerous-function', 'category' => 'rce', 'severity' => 'critical',
				'pattern' => '/\b(system|exec|shell_exec|passthru|proc_open|popen|pcntl_exec|dl)\s*\(/i' ),
			array( 'id' => 'phpi-dynamic-eval-construct', 'category' => 'rce', 'severity' => 'critical',
				'pattern' => '/\b(assert|create_function|call_user_func(_array)?)\s*\(/i' ),
			array( 'id' => 'phpi-preg-replace-eval-modifier', 'category' => 'rce', 'severity' => 'critical',
				'pattern' => '/preg_replace\s*\(\s*["\'][^"\']*\/[a-zA-Z]*e[a-zA-Z]*["\']/i' ),
			array( 'id' => 'phpi-tag-in-input', 'category' => 'rce', 'severity' => 'high',
				'pattern' => '/<\?php|<\?=/i' ),

			// --- Java / JNDI Injection (CRS 944-XXX equivalent -- Log4Shell class) -------------------------------------------------

			array( 'id' => 'java-jndi-lookup', 'category' => 'java_injection', 'severity' => 'critical',
				'pattern' => '/\$\{jndi:(ldap|ldaps|rmi|dns|iiop|corba|nds|http|https):\/\//i' ),
			array( 'id' => 'java-el-injection', 'category' => 'java_injection', 'severity' => 'high',
				'pattern' => '/\$\{\s*(java|javax|org\.springframework|Runtime)\s*[\.\(]/' ),

			// --- Local / Remote File Inclusion (CRS 930/931-XXX equivalent) -------------------------------------------------

			array( 'id' => 'lfi-dot-dot-slash', 'category' => 'file_access', 'severity' => 'high',
				'pattern' => '/(\.\.\/|\.\.\\\\|%2e%2e%2f|%252e%252e%252f)/i' ),
			array( 'id' => 'lfi-sensitive-file', 'category' => 'file_access', 'severity' => 'high',
				'pattern' => '/\/etc\/(passwd|shadow|hosts)\b|wp-config\.php/i' ),
			array( 'id' => 'lfi-php-wrapper', 'category' => 'file_access', 'severity' => 'high',
				'pattern' => '/(php|zip|phar|expect|glob)\s*:\/\/(filter|input|data|)/i' ),
			array( 'id' => 'rfi-remote-scheme', 'category' => 'file_access', 'severity' => 'high',
				'pattern' => '/^(https?|ftp):\/\/.+\.(php|txt)(\?|$)/i' ),
			array( 'id' => 'lfi-dotfile-path', 'category' => 'file_access', 'severity' => 'medium',
				'pattern' => '/\/\.(git|svn|env|ssh|hg)\/[\w\-\.\/]*(config|credentials|id_rsa)?/i',
				'sources' => array( 'HEADER:REQUEST_URI' ) ),
			array( 'id' => 'lfi-backup-file-request', 'category' => 'file_access', 'severity' => 'medium',
				'pattern' => '/\.(bak|old|swp|save|orig|sql|sql\.gz|tar\.gz)(\?|$)/i',
				'sources' => array( 'HEADER:REQUEST_URI' ) ),

			// --- XML External Entity (CRS-equivalent) -------------------------------------------------

			array( 'id' => 'xxe-doctype-entity', 'category' => 'xxe', 'severity' => 'critical',
				'pattern' => '/<!DOCTYPE[^>]*\[.*<!ENTITY/is' ),
			array( 'id' => 'xxe-entity-system', 'category' => 'xxe', 'severity' => 'critical',
				'pattern' => '/<!ENTITY[^>]+SYSTEM\s+["\'](file|https?|ftp|expect|php):\/\//i' ),

			// --- Server-Side Request Forgery (CRS-equivalent) -------------------------------------------------

			array( 'id' => 'ssrf-internal-target', 'category' => 'ssrf', 'severity' => 'high',
				'pattern' => '/^(https?|gopher|dict|ftp|ldap):\/\/(127\.\d{1,3}\.\d{1,3}\.\d{1,3}|0\.0\.0\.0|localhost|169\.254\.169\.254|\[::1\]|10\.\d{1,3}\.\d{1,3}\.\d{1,3}|172\.(1[6-9]|2\d|3[01])\.\d{1,3}\.\d{1,3}|192\.168\.\d{1,3}\.\d{1,3})([:\/]|$)/i' ),

			// --- Session Fixation (CRS 943-XXX equivalent) -------------------------------------------------

			array( 'id' => 'session-fixation-id-in-url', 'category' => 'session_fixation', 'severity' => 'low',
				'pattern' => '/[?&](PHPSESSID|JSESSIONID|ASPSESSIONID|ASP\.NET_SessionId)=/i',
				'sources' => array( 'HEADER:REQUEST_URI' ) ),

			// --- Scanner / Reconnaissance Detection (CRS 913-XXX equivalent) -------------------------------------------------

			array( 'id' => 'scanner-known-tool-ua', 'category' => 'scanner_activity', 'severity' => 'medium',
				'pattern' => '/\b(sqlmap|nikto|acunetix|nessus|openvas|w3af|havij|nmap scripting engine|masscan|zgrab|dirbuster|gobuster|wfuzz|metasploit|zmeu|wpscan)\b/i',
				'sources' => array( 'HEADER:HTTP_USER_AGENT' ) ),

			// --- Protocol Anomaly (CRS 920-XXX equivalent) -------------------------------------------------

			array( 'id' => 'proto-null-byte', 'category' => 'protocol_anomaly', 'severity' => 'medium',
				'pattern' => '/%00/' ),
			array( 'id' => 'proto-double-encoding', 'category' => 'protocol_anomaly', 'severity' => 'low',
				'pattern' => '/%25(2e|2f|5c)/i' ),
			array( 'id' => 'proto-crlf-injection', 'category' => 'protocol_anomaly', 'severity' => 'high',
				'pattern' => '/%0[dD]%0[aA]/' ),
		);

		return $rules;
	}

	public static function scan( array $inputs ) {
		$hits = array();

		foreach ( $inputs as $source => $value ) {
			if ( ! is_string( $value ) || '' === $value ) {
				continue;
			}

			$decoded = rawurldecode( $value );

			foreach ( self::corpus() as $rule ) {
				if ( ! empty( $rule['sources'] ) && ! in_array( $source, $rule['sources'], true ) ) {
					continue;
				}

				$matched = preg_match( $rule['pattern'], $decoded, $m ) ? $m : ( preg_match( $rule['pattern'], $value, $m ) ? $m : null );
				if ( null === $matched ) {
					continue;
				}
				if ( 'rfi-remote-scheme' === $rule['id'] && ! self::is_cross_origin( $matched[0] ) ) {

					continue;
				}
				$hits[] = array_merge(
					$rule,
					array(
						'source'        => $source,
						'matched_value' => mb_substr( $value, 0, 200 ),
					)
				);
			}
		}

		return $hits;
	}

	protected static function is_cross_origin( $url ) {
		$target_host = strtolower( (string) parse_url( $url, PHP_URL_HOST ) ); // phpcs:ignore WordPress.WP.AlternativeFunctions
		$own_host    = strtolower( (string) ( $_SERVER['HTTP_HOST'] ?? '' ) ); // phpcs:ignore WordPress.Security.ValidatedSanitizedInput

		if ( '' === $target_host || '' === $own_host ) {
			return true;
		}

		$own_host = preg_replace( '/:\d+$/', '', $own_host );
		return $target_host !== $own_host;
	}

	public static function highest_severity( array $hits ) {
		$order = array( 'critical' => 4, 'high' => 3, 'medium' => 2, 'low' => 1, 'info' => 0 );
		$best  = 'info';
		foreach ( $hits as $hit ) {
			if ( ( $order[ $hit['severity'] ] ?? 0 ) > ( $order[ $best ] ?? 0 ) ) {
				$best = $hit['severity'];
			}
		}
		return $best;
	}
}

}